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There are two kinds of timing information that can be conveyed in elementary streams. The first set is used to convey the sender's time base to the receiver (clock references) and the second contains the desired time (in units of the sender's time base) for specific events such as the desired decoding or composition time for portions of the encoded audio-visual information. With this timing information, the inter picture interval and audio sample rate can be adjusted at the decoder to match the encoder's inter picture interval and audio sample rate for synchronized operation.